Heart Attack How it is occurs?
The Heart Attack can occurs when the supply of blood and oxygen to an area of heart muscle is blocked, usually by a clot in a coronary artery. Often, this blockage leads to arrhythmias (irregular heartbeat or rhythm) that cause a severe decrease in the pumping function of the heart and may bring about sudden death. If the blockage is not treated within a few hours, the affected heart muscle will die and be replaced by scar tissue. The heart attack is a life-threatening event. Everyone should know the warning signs of a heart attack and how to get emergency help. Many people suffer permanent damage to their hearts or die because they do not get help immediately. More than a million persons in the U.S. have a heart attack and about half (515,000) of them die. About one-half of those who die do so within 1 hour of the start of symptoms and before reaching the hospital. In case of emergency personnel can often stop arrhythmias with emergency CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation), defibrillation (electrical shock), and prompt advanced cardiac life support procedures. If care is sought soon enough, blood flow in the blocked artery can be restored in time to prevent permanent damage to the heart. Yet, most people do not seek medical care for 2 hours or more after symptoms begin. Many people wait 12 hours or longer.
The other Names for Heart Attack are Myocardial infarction or MI; Acute myocardial infarction or AMI; Acute coronary syndrome; Coronary thrombosis; and Coronary occlusion
The causes of Heart Attack
The couses of Heart attack are occured by a blood clot that blocks one of the coronary arteries (the blood vessels that bring blood and oxygen to the heart muscle). When blood cannot reach part of your heart, that area starves for oxygen. If the blockage continues long enough, cells in the affected area die. Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is the most common underlying cause of a heart attack. CAD is the hardening and narrowing of the coronary arteries by the buildup of plaque in the inside walls (atherosclerosis). Over time, plaque buildup in the coronary arteries can: · Narrow the arteries so that less blood flows to the heart muscle · Completely block the arteries and the flow of blood · Cause blood clots to form and block the arteries. A less common cause of heart attacks is a severe spasm (tightening) of the coronary artery that cuts off blood flow to the heart. These spasms can occur in persons with or without CAD. Artery spasm can sometimes be caused by: (1) Taking certain drugs, such as cocaine (2) Emotional stress (3)Exposure to cold (4) Cigarette smoking.
The factors of Heart Attack are:
Certain factors make it more likely that you will develop CAD and have a heart attack. These are called risk factors. Risk factors you cannot change include: >Your age >Men: over age 45 >Women: over age 55 >Having a family history of early heart disease >Heart disease diagnosed in father or brother before age 55 >Heart disease diagnosed in mother or sister before age 65 >Having a personal history of CAD >Angina o A previous heart attack >A surgical procedure (angioplasty, heart bypass) to increase blood flow to your heart. The Risk factors that you can change include: >Smoking >High blood pressure >High blood cholesterol >Obesity >Being physically inactive >Diabetes (high blood sugar) .
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